Ī few alternatives to hand copying were invented between the mid-17th century and the late 18th century, but none were widely adopted for business use.įurther information: Polygraph (duplicating device) One of the polygraphs used by Thomas Jefferson, a portable version Self-publishers also used these machines to produce fanzines. They were often used in schools, churches, and small organizations, where revolutionarily economical copying was in demand for the production of newsletters and worksheets. By bringing greatly increased quantities of paperwork to daily life, the duplicating machine and the typewriter gradually changed the forms of the office desk and transformed the nature of office work. This second phase brought to mass markets technologies like the small electric motors and the products of industrial chemistry without which the duplicating machines would not have been economical. Like the typewriter, these machines were products of the second phase of the Industrial Revolution which started near the end of the 19th century (also called the Second Industrial Revolution). The duplicator was pioneered by Thomas Edison and David Gestetner, with Gestetner dominating the market up until the late 1990s. They have now been replaced by digital duplicators, scanners, laser printers and photocopiers, but for many years they were the primary means of reproducing documents for limited-run distribution. JSTOR ( September 2009) ( Learn how and when to remove this message)ĭuplicating machines were the predecessors of modern document-reproduction technology.Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.įind sources: 'Duplicating machines' – news Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Karl Business Machines guaranteed a speedy and efficient turnaround time all the way from placing the order to delivering it to our doorstep which did not disappoint.This article needs additional citations for verification. Without hesitation he would call us to make sure we received emails or pictures of the product and ensured that we were satisfied with our purchase. At any time of the day Rick was available to answer every beck and call that we may had. 'Rick and the entire Karl Business Machines staff were extremely professional and accommodating in helping our company secure several typewriters for our Super Bowl event. Thanks to everyone at Karl Business Machines Three weeks later I had perfectly matched typewriters for the Police Station. I thought it was a tall order but Rick didn't bat an eye. Where else do you go for something like this? Karl Business Machines of course. They all had to match in color and of course all be working. There were several requirements that had to be met. I was working on a period movie from 1967 and was in need of 12 matching IBM Selectric I typewriters for one of our sets. It's a huge relief knowing Rick is there for all my office typewriter prop rental needs. Everything they rented to us, though forty years old, was in pristine working condition. Rick who helped me can find anything! He has so much knowledge. I work in film and TV production in New York City and Karl Business Machines is an invaluable resource for vintage and antique typewriters, copiers, bond traders and calculators. IBM Selectric III Typewriter - 1980 until 1984 IBM Selectric II Typewriter - 1973 until 1983 IBM Selectric I Typewriter - 1961 until 1984 Mainframe Memorex Reel-To-Reel Tapedrive 1980's, 1990'sĪssociated Press Teletype & United Press International Teletype IBM Mainframe Computer circa 1980's, 1990's

Old copier machine